Patients who develop AKI can be oliguric or nonoliguric, can have a rapid or slow rise in creatinine levels, and may have qualitative differences in urine solute concentrations & cellular nội dung. (Approximately 50-60% of all causes of AKI are nonoliguric.) This laông xã of a unisize clinical presentation reflects the variable nature of the injury.Bạn vẫn xem: Oliguria là gì
Classifying AKI as oliguric or nonoliguric on the basis of daily urine excretion has prognostic value. Oliguria is defined as a daily urine volume of less than 400 mL và has a worse prognosis.
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Anuria is defined as a urine output of less than 100 mL/day và, if abrupt in onmix, suggests bilateral obstruction or catastrophic injury to both kidneys.
Stratification of renal injury along these lines helps in diagnosis and decision-making (eg, timing of dialysis) & can be an important criterion for patient response to therapy.
Pigmented, muddy brown, granular casts are visible in the urine sediment of a patient with axinh đẹp tubular necrosis (400x magnification). Photomicrograph of a renal biopsy specimen shows renal medulla, which is composed mainly of renal tubules. Features suggesting adễ thương tubular necrosis are the patchy or diffuse denudation of the renal tubular cells with loss of brush border (xanh arrows); flattening of the renal tubular cells due to tubular dilation (orange arrows); intratubular cast formation (yellow arrows); và sloughing of cells, which is responsible for the formation of granular casts (red arrow). Finally, intratubular obstruction due khổng lồ the denuded epithelium and cellular debris is evident (green arrow); note that the denuded tubular epithelial cells clump together because of rearrangement of intercellular adhesion molecules.Mahendra Agraharkar, MD, MBBS, FACP., FASNClinical Associate Professor of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine; President and CEO, Space City Associates of Nephrology Mahendra Agraharkar, MD, MBBS, FACPhường, FASN is a thành viên of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Society of Nephrology, National Kidney FoundationDisclosure: Nothing khổng lồ discthua thảm.
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Rajiv Gupta, MDAssistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Veterans Affairs Medical Center Rajiv Gupta, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Altrộn Omega Altrộn, American College of Cardiology, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography và InterventionsDisclosure: Nothing khổng lồ discthua kém.
Eleanor Lederer, MD, FASNProfessor of Medicine, Chief, Nephrology Division, Director, Nephrology Training Program, Director, Metabolic Stone Clinic, Kidney Disease Program, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Louisville Veterans Affairs Hospital Eleanor Lederer, MD, FASN is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Federation for Medical Research, American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, American Society for Bone & Mineral Research, American Society of Nephrology, American Society of Transplantation, International Society of Nephrology, Kentucky Medical Association, National Kidney Foundation, Phi Beta KappaDisclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: American Society of NephrologyReceived income in an amount equal khổng lồ or greater than $250 from: Healthcare Quality Strategies, IncReceived grant/research funds from Dept of Veterans Affairs for research; Received salary from American Society of Nephrology for asn council position; Received salary from University of Louisville for employment; Received salary from University of Louisville Physicians for employment; Received contract payment from American Physician Institute for Advanced Professional Studies, LLC for independent contractor; Received contract payment from Healthcare Quality Strategies, Inc for independent cont.
Arumãng cầu Agraharkar, MD, FACP Consulting Staff, Department of Gerontology, Space Center Clinic
Arumãng cầu Agraharkar, MD, FACPhường is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Assocation
Disclosure: Nothing lớn discthua trận.
Eleanor Lederer, MD Professor of Medicine, Chief, Nephrology Division, Director, Nephrology Training Program, Director, Metabolic Stone Clinic, Kidney Disease Program, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Louisville Veterans Affairs Hospital
Eleanor Lederer, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Federation for Medical Research, American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, American Society for Bone and Mineral Retìm kiếm, American Society of Nephrology, American Society of Transplantation, International Society of Nephrology, Kentucky Medical Association, National Kidney Foundation, & Phi Beta Kappa
Disclosure: Dept of Veterans Affairs Grant/retìm kiếm funds Retìm kiếm
Laura Lyngby Mulloy, DO, FACP Professor of Medicine, Chief, Section of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Transplantation Medicine, Glover/Mealing Eminent Scholar Chair in Immunology, Medical College of Georgia
Disclosure: Nothing to lớn discthua thảm.
Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, vuialo.net Drug Reference
